HIV Risk, Malta | HIV STD TESTING SINGAPORE™
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HIV Risk, Malta | HIV STD TESTING SINGAPORE™ @beauty-malta_com: HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) risk factors/assessment/reduction
Keywords: Hiv Risk Malta, Malta Hiv Risk, Hiv Risk.
Description
Services HIV Risk (2009 figures) Estimated HIV transmission risk per exposure for specific activities and events Activity | Risk-per-exposure | Vaginal sex, female-to-male, studies in high-income countries | 0.04% (1:2380) | Vaginal sex, male-to-female, studies in high-income countries | 0.08% (1:1234) | Vaginal sex, female-to-male, studies in low-income countries | 0.38% (1:263) | Vaginal sex, male-to-female, studies in low-income countries | 0.30% (1:333) | Vaginal sex, source partner is asymptomatic | 0.07% (1:1428) | Vaginal sex, source partner has late-stage disease | 0.55% (1:180) | Receptive anal sex amongst gay men, partner unknown status | 0.27% (1:370) | Receptive anal sex amongst gay men, partner HIV positive | 0.82% (1:123) | Receptive anal sex with condom, gay men, partner unknown status | 0.18% (1:555) | Insertive anal sex, gay men, partner unknown status | 0.06% (1:1666) | Insertive anal sex with condom, gay men, partner unknown status | 0.04% (1:2500) | Receptive fellatio | Estimates range from 0.00% to 0.04% (1:2500) | Mother-to-child, mother takes at least two weeks antiretroviral therapy | 0.8% (1:125) | Mother-to-child, mother takes combination therapy, viral load below 50 | 0.1% (1:1000) | Injecting drug use | Estimates range from 0.63% (1:158) to 2.4% (1:41) | Needlestick injury, no other risk factors | 0.13% (1:769) | Blood transfusion with contaminated blood | 92.5% (9:10) | Sources: vaginal sex;1 anal sex;2 fellatio;3 2 mother-to-child;4 other activities.5 References - Boily MC et al. Heterosexual risk of HIV-1 infection per sexual act: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Lancet Infect Dis 9(2): 118-129, 2009
- Vittinghoff E et al. Per-contact risk of human immunodeficiency virus transmission between male sexual partners. American Journal of Epidemiology 150: 306-311, 1999
- Del Romero J et al. Evaluating the risk of HIV transmission through unprotected orogenital sex. AIDS 16(9): 1296-1297, 2002
- Townsend C et al. Low rates of mother-to-child transmission of HIV following effective pregnancy interventions in the United Kingdom and Ireland, 2000-2006. AIDS 22: 973-981, 2008
- Baggaley RF et al. Risk of HIV-1 transmission for parenteral exposure and blood transfusion. AIDS 20: 805-812, 2006
- HIV & AIDS Information :: How transmission occurs - Estimated risk per exposure
HIV Risk (2005 figures) Estimated per-act risk for acquisition of HIV, by exposure route* Exposure route | Risk per 10,000 exposures to an infected source | % | Blood transfusion | 9000 | 90 | Needle-sharing injection-drug use | 67 | 0.67 | Receptive anal intercourse | 50 | 0.5 | Percutaneous needle stick | 30 | 0.3 | Receptive penile-vaginal intercourse | 10 | 0.1 | Insertive anal intercourse | 6.5 | 0.065 | Insertive penile-vaginal intercourse | 5 | 0.05 | Receptive oral intercourse† | 1 | 0.01 | Insertive oral intercourse† | 0.5 | 0.005 | *Estimates of risk for transmission from sexual exposures assume no condom use. †Source refers to oral intercourse performed on a man. References HIV risk (2002 figures) HIV Risk Statistics (chances of getting HIV) HIV Risk Factors | HIV Transmission Probability | Needle stick injury3 | 1/300 | Receptive anal intercourse4 | 1/100 | Receptive vaginal intercourse5 | 1/1000 | Insertive vaginal intercourse4 | 1/2000 | Insertive anal intercourse4 | 1/2500 | Receptive fellatio with ejaculation4 | 1/2500 | Sharing needles6 | 1/150 | References - Cardo DM, Culver DH, Ciesielski CA, et al. A Case-Control Study of HIV Seroconversion in Health Care Workers after Percutaneous Exposure. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:1485-1490.
- Katz MH, Gerberding JL. Management of occupational and nonoccupational postexposure HIV prophylaxis. Current Inf Dis Reports. 2002;4:543-549.
- Gerberding JL. Prophylaxis for Occupational Exposure to HIV. Ann Intern Med. 1996;6:497-501
- Vitinghoff E, Douglas J, Judon F, et al. Per-Contact Risk of Human Immunodificiency Virus Transmision between Male Sexual Partners. Am J Epidemiol. 1999;150:306-311.
- Peterman TA, Stoneburner RL, Allen JR, et al. Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission From Heterosexual Adults With Transfusion-Associated Infections. JAMA. 1988;259:55-58. [Erratum. JAMA. 1989;262:502]
- Kaplan EH, Heimer R. A Model-Based Estimate of HIV Infectivity via Needle Sharing. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1992;5:1116-1118.
Come to sunny Singapore to have your testing and treatment. Singapore Ministry of Health registered general practice (GP) clinic: SHIM CLINIC 168 Bedok South Avenue 3 #01-473 Singapore 460168  Tel: (+65) 6446 7446 Fax: (+65) 6449 7446 24hr Answering Tel: (+65) 6333 5550 Web: www.shimclinic.com | Opening Hours Monday to Friday: 9 am to 3 pm, 7 pm to 11 pm Saturday & Sunday: 7 pm to 11 pm Public Holidays: Closed Last registration: one hour before closing time. Walk-in clinic. Appointments not required. Bring NRIC, Work Pass or Passport for registration. | Sexual risk (of HIV/STD/pregnancy), and what you can do before and after exposure.
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