HIV Risk, Malta | HIV STD TESTING SINGAPORE™

HIV Risk, Malta | HIV STD TESTING SINGAPORE™ @beauty-malta_com: HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) risk factors/assessment/reduction

Keywords: Hiv Risk Malta, Malta Hiv Risk, Hiv Risk.

Description

Services

• HIV
• HIV Symptoms
• HIV Window Period
• HIV Screening / HIV Test / HIV Check
  • 3rd generation HIV ELISA Test (HIV Antibody Test)
    • 20 minute HIV Rapid Test: OraQuick® HIV Oral Test / HIV Saliva Test
    • 1-2 days HIV Blood Test
  • 4th generation HIV ELISA Test (HIV Antibody Test + HIV p24 Test)
    • 20 minute HIV Rapid Test: HIV Combo Test
    • 1-2 days HIV Duo Test
  • HIV PCR (polymerase chain reaction) NAT (nucleic acid test)
    • HIV DNA Test
    • HIV RNA Test
  • HIV Western Blot Test (for HIV confirmation only)
• HIV Test Kit
• HIV Risk
• HIV Prevention / HIV PEP (Post-Exposure Prophylaxis)
• HIV Doctor

HIV Risk (2009 figures)

Estimated HIV transmission risk per exposure for specific activities and events

Activity	Risk-per-exposure
Vaginal sex, female-to-male, studies in high-income countries	0.04% (1:2380)
Vaginal sex, male-to-female, studies in high-income countries	0.08% (1:1234)
Vaginal sex, female-to-male, studies in low-income countries	0.38% (1:263)
Vaginal sex, male-to-female, studies in low-income countries	0.30% (1:333)
Vaginal sex, source partner is asymptomatic	0.07% (1:1428)
Vaginal sex, source partner has late-stage disease	0.55% (1:180)
Receptive anal sex amongst gay men, partner unknown status	0.27% (1:370)
Receptive anal sex amongst gay men, partner HIV positive	0.82% (1:123)
Receptive anal sex with condom, gay men, partner unknown status	0.18% (1:555)
Insertive anal sex, gay men, partner unknown status	0.06% (1:1666)
Insertive anal sex with condom, gay men, partner unknown status	0.04% (1:2500)
Receptive fellatio	Estimates range from 0.00% to 0.04% (1:2500)
Mother-to-child, mother takes at least two weeks antiretroviral therapy	0.8% (1:125)
Mother-to-child, mother takes combination therapy, viral load below 50	0.1% (1:1000)
Injecting drug use	Estimates range from 0.63% (1:158) to 2.4% (1:41)
Needlestick injury, no other risk factors	0.13% (1:769)
Blood transfusion with contaminated blood	92.5% (9:10)

Sources: vaginal sex;¹ anal sex;² fellatio;^{3 2} mother-to-child;⁴ other activities.⁵

References

1. Boily MC et al. Heterosexual risk of HIV-1 infection per sexual act: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Lancet Infect Dis 9(2): 118-129, 2009
2. Vittinghoff E et al. Per-contact risk of human immunodeficiency virus transmission between male sexual partners. American Journal of Epidemiology 150: 306-311, 1999
3. Del Romero J et al. Evaluating the risk of HIV transmission through unprotected orogenital sex. AIDS 16(9): 1296-1297, 2002
4. Townsend C et al. Low rates of mother-to-child transmission of HIV following effective pregnancy interventions in the United Kingdom and Ireland, 2000-2006. AIDS 22: 973-981, 2008
5. Baggaley RF et al. Risk of HIV-1 transmission for parenteral exposure and blood transfusion. AIDS 20: 805-812, 2006
6. HIV & AIDS Information :: How transmission occurs - Estimated risk per exposure

Estimated per-act risk for acquisition of HIV, by exposure route*

References

• Estimated per-act risk for acquisition of HIV, by exposure route
• Antiretroviral Postexposure Prophylaxis After Sexual, Injection-Drug Use, or Other Nonoccupational Exposure to HIV in the United States

References

1. Cardo DM, Culver DH, Ciesielski CA, et al. A Case-Control Study of HIV Seroconversion in Health Care Workers after Percutaneous Exposure. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:1485-1490.
2. Katz MH, Gerberding JL. Management of occupational and nonoccupational postexposure HIV prophylaxis. Current Inf Dis Reports. 2002;4:543-549.
3. Gerberding JL. Prophylaxis for Occupational Exposure to HIV. Ann Intern Med. 1996;6:497-501
4. Vitinghoff E, Douglas J, Judon F, et al. Per-Contact Risk of Human Immunodificiency Virus Transmision between Male Sexual Partners. Am J Epidemiol. 1999;150:306-311.
5. Peterman TA, Stoneburner RL, Allen JR, et al. Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission From Heterosexual Adults With Transfusion-Associated Infections. JAMA. 1988;259:55-58. [Erratum. JAMA. 1989;262:502]
6. Kaplan EH, Heimer R. A Model-Based Estimate of HIV Infectivity via Needle Sharing. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1992;5:1116-1118.

SHIM CLINIC 168 Bedok South Avenue 3 #01-473 Singapore 460168 Tel: (+65) 6446 7446 Fax: (+65) 6449 7446 24hr Answering Tel: (+65) 6333 5550 Web: www.shimclinic.com

Opening Hours Monday to Friday: 9 am to 3 pm, 7 pm to 11 pm Saturday & Sunday: 7 pm to 11 pm Public Holidays: Closed Last registration: one hour before closing time. Walk-in clinic. Appointments not required. Bring NRIC, Work Pass or Passport for registration.

Sexual risk (of HIV/STD/pregnancy), and what you can do before and after exposure.

References

• HIV - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
• HIV: Definition from Answers.com